木兰科 Magnoliaceae
木兰属 Magnolia
常绿乔木，高达30m。树皮灰褐色，老时有薄鳞片状开裂。小枝、芽、叶背及叶柄均密被锈色短绒毛。叶厚革质，椭圆形或倒卵状椭圆形，长10-20cm，宽4-10cm，先端钝或短钝尖，基部楔形，边缘微背卷，叶面深绿色，有光泽，下面密被锈色短柔毛；托叶与叶柄分离，叶柄粗壮。花大，白色有香味，径15-20cm；花被片9-12，倒卵形，长6-10cm，宽5-7cm；雄蕊长约2cm，花丝扁平紫色；雌蕊群密被绒毛，心皮卵形，花柱呈卷曲状。聚合果圆柱状长圆形或卵圆形，长7-10cm，密被黄褐色绒毛；蓇葖背裂，顶端外侧具长喙；种子近卵圆形或卵形，外种皮红色。花期5-7月，果期10-11月。
杭州各区均有栽培。我国长江以南地区均有栽培；原产于北美洲东南部。
树干挺直，花大芬芳，为著名的庭院绿化观赏树种。
Trees, to 30 m tall but usually shorter when cultivated. Bark pale brown to gray, thinly scaly fissured. Twigs, vegetative buds, petioles, and leaf blade abaxial surfaces densely brown to grayish brown shortly tomentose but abaxial surface of young leaf blades glabrous. Twigs thick and strong. Petiole 1.5-4 cm, deeply furrowed, without a stipular scar; leaf blade elliptic, oblong-elliptic, or obovate-oblong, 10-20 × 4-7(-10) cm, thickly leathery, adaxially deep green and glossy, secondary veins 8-10 on each side of midvein, base cuneate, apex obtuse to shortly mucronate. Flowers 15-20 cm in diam., fragrant. Tepals 9-12, white, obovate, 6-10 × 5-7 cm, thickly fleshy. Stamens ca. 2 cm; filaments purple, flat; connective exserted and forming a mucro; anthers introrse. Gynoecium ellipsoid, densely long tomentose; carpels ovoid, 1-1.5 cm; styles reclinate. Fruit terete to ovoid, 7-10 × 4-5 cm, densely brown to pale grayish yellow tomentose; mature carpels abaxially rounded, dehiscing along dorsal sutures, apex long beaked. Seeds ovoid, ca. 1.4 × 0.6 cm; testa red. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 114. Cultivated in provinces south of Chang Jiang [native to SE North America]. This species is widely cultivated as an ornamental and for timber.----from “Flora of China”