合欢

Albizia julibrissin Durazz.

豆科 Fabaceae

合欢属 Albizia

形态描述

落叶乔木,高达16m;树皮灰褐色,密生皮孔,树冠开展。小枝微具棱。二回羽状复叶,羽片4~12(~20)对,叶柄近基部有1枚长圆形腺体;托叶小,线状披针形,早落;小叶20~60枚;小叶片镰形或斜长圆形,长6~13mm,宽1~4mm,先端有小尖头,叶缘及下面中脉有短柔毛,中脉紧靠上部叶缘。头状花序多个排成伞房状圆锥花序,顶生或腋生;总花梗长约3cm,花序轴常呈“之”字形折曲。花连雄蕊长2.5~4cm,具短花梗,花萼绿色,5浅裂,长3~4mm,被短柔毛;花冠淡粉红色,长8~10mm,5裂,裂片三角形,长约1.5mm,外侧被短柔毛;雄蕊多数,花丝基部连合,上部粉红色。荚果带状,长8~17cm,宽1.5~2.5cm,扁平,幼时有毛,老时脱落。种子褐色,椭圆形,扁平。花期6~7月,果期8~10月。染色体数目为2n=26。

分布地区

见于萧山区(河上)、西湖景区(龙井、桃源岭、中天竺),生于荒山坡、溪沟边疏林中或林缘,也常见栽培。分布于安徽、福建、甘肃、贵州、河南、湖北、湖南、江苏、江西、山东、山西、台湾、云南、浙江;亚洲中部、东部及西南部。

主要用途

树皮可提栲胶、制人造棉及纸浆;种子可榨油;根、树皮入药。

中国植物志英文版

Trees, deciduous, to 16 m tall; crown open. Branchlets angular; branchlet, leaf rachis, and inflorescence tomentose or pubescent. Stipules deciduous, linear-lanceolate, smaller than leaflets; pinnae 4-12 pairs, sometimes to 20 pairs in cultivated species; glands near base of petiole and leaf rachis of uppermost pinnae; leaflets 10-30 pairs, obliquely linear to oblong, 6-12 × 1-4 mm, main vein close to upper margin, base truncate, mar-gin ciliate, apex apiculate. Panicles terminal. Flowers pink. Calyx tubiform, ca. 3 mm, pubescent. Corolla ca. 8 mm; lobes deltoid, ca. 1.5 mm. Filaments pink, ca. 2.5 cm. Legume strap-shaped, flat, 9-15 × 1.5-2.5 cm, glabrous. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 26*. Widely cultivated in Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, ?Liaoning, ?Shaanxi, Shandong, Shan-xi, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [C, E, and SW Asia].----from “Flora of China”