姜科 Zingiberaceae
姜花属 Hedychium
茎高1-2米。叶片长圆状披针形或披针形,长20-40厘米,宽4.5-8厘米,顶端长渐尖,基部急尖,叶面光滑,叶背被短柔毛;无柄;叶舌薄膜质,长2-3厘米。穗状花序顶生,椭圆形,长10-20厘米,宽4-8厘米;苞片呈覆瓦状排列,卵圆形,长4.5-5厘米,宽2.5-4厘米,每一苞片内有花2-3朵;花芬芳,白色,花萼管长约4厘米,顶端一侧开裂;花冠管纤细,长8厘米,裂片披针形,长约5厘米,后方的 1枚呈兜状,顶端具小尖头;侧生退化雄蕊长圆状披针形,长约5厘米;唇瓣倒心形,长和宽约6厘米,白色,基部稍黄,顶端2裂;花丝长约3厘米,花药室长1.5厘米;子房被绢毛。花期:8-12月。
产我国四川、云南、广西、广东、湖南和台湾;生于林中或栽培。印度、越南、马来西亚至澳大利亚亦有分布。
花美丽、芳香,常栽培供观赏;亦可浸提姜花浸膏,用于调合香精中。根茎能“解表,散风寒,治头痛、身痛、风湿痛及跌打损伤等症”。(《四川中药志)》)
引用出处:中国植物志
Pseudostems 1--3 m. Leaves sessile; ligule 2--3 cm, membranous; leaf blade oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, 20--40 × 4.5--8 cm, adaxially glabrous, abaxially finely pubescent or thinly hairy, base acute, apex long acuminate. Spikes ellipsoid, 10--20 × 4--8 cm; bracts imbricate, ovate, 4.5--5 × 2.5--4 cm, 2- or 3-flowered. Flowers white, fragrant. Calyx ca. 4 cm, split on 1 side. Corolla tube ca. 8 cm, slender; lobes lanceolate, ca. 5 cm, central one spatulate, apex mucronate. Lateral staminodes oblong-lanceolate, ca. 5 cm. Labellum white, pale yellow at base, obcordate, 4--6 × 4--6 cm, apex 2-cleft. Filament ca. 3 cm; anther ca. 1.5 cm. Ovary sericeous. Fl. Aug--Dec. 2 n = 34. Forests, also cultivated. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sikkim, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia].----from “Flora of China”